Introduction. The CYP2C19*2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) significantly alters the metabolism of clopidogrel, a key antiplatelet drug prescribed to reduce stroke risk, thereby increasing the risk of cardiac complications in affected individuals.
The objective of the study was to identify this polymorphism, for minimizing adverse drug reactions and enabling timely interventions. While various methods for rapid SNP detection are available, choosing the most appropriate technique can be challenging. Tetra ARMS PCR is a widely used method for SNP detection that we aimed to optimize, specifically to detect CYP2C19*2 polymorphism.
Material and methods. The PCR mixture and thermal cycling time points were examined and modified to improve PCR performance on detecting CYP2C19. Isopropanol was used to extract the DNA from the oral mucosal cell samples taken from 35 randomly selected Khmer volunteers, regardless of their age, gender, or health status.
Results. The outcomes demonstrated that, under modified circumstances, optimal amplification happened after 35 cycles with an annealing temperature of 56°C and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The detected genotypes were *1/*1 (21 out of 35) and *1/*2 (14 out of 35), with no *2/2 identified.
Conclusions. Our research aligns with previous studies, showing T-ARMS PCR as an effective, cost-efficient, and rapid way for screening CYP2C19*2 polymorphisms. These findings lay the foundation for future studies on stroke intervention among Mekong Delta Khmer populations.
Keywords: clopidogrel, CYP2C19*2, Khmer, polymorphism, T-ARMS PCR.