This study was conducted to assess risks in agriculture and determine farmers' needs for agricultural insurance in the Mekong Delta region. The research data come from direct interviews of 503 households engaged in livestock, farming, and aquaculture activities. The analytical results show that households are negatively affected by the main risk groups, including production risk, market risk, and financial risk. Farmers have low demands for agricultural insurance. The factors affecting farmers’ needs for agricultural insurance are the number of risks, investment cost, education level, and training participation. In which, the number of risks is the factor that has the most impact on farmers’ demands for agricultural insurance.