Length-weight relationship (LWR), growth pattern and condition factor (CF) play a vital role in fish resource evaluation and management but data on this is limited for Periophthalmus variabilis. This is an amphibious fish that lives in the mudflats of the mangrove forests in the Western Pacific regions, including the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). This paper contributes to the understanding of the LWR, growth pattern and CF of P. variabilis. Fish specimens were collected by hand at four sites in the VMD from April 2020 to March 2021. The analysis of 495 individual fish (259 females and 236 males) showed that fish weight could be estimated from a given fish length due to high determination values (r2 D 0:70-0:97). Dusky-gilled mudskippers of the VMD exhibited positive allometry, as indicated by their larger than 3 b value (b D 3.094 ± 0.045, p D 0:04). However, the growth pattern of the mudskipper between the sex and maturation stage (immature versus mature) showed isometry. These fish displayed positive allometry in the dry season (b D 3.138 ± 0.065) (>3, p D 0:04) but isometry in the wet season (b D 3.058 ± 0.061) (≈3, p D 0.34). Fish growth ranged from isometry to positive allometry and varied by site (b D 2.850 ± 0.103–3.370 ± 0.114) and month (b D 2.668 ± 0.184–3.588 ± 0.299) based on the b value. The CF of P. variabilis was not affected by sex (p D 0:29), body size (p D 0:64) or season (p D 0:43), but was affected by site (p D 0:01) and month (p D 0:01). The CF of this species (1.05 ± 0.02) was higher than 1 (p < 0:001), indicating that the fish adapted well to their habitat.