The medicinal plant Euphorbia hirta L. has been widely acknowledged for use in traditional medicine of Vietnam. The whole plants of E. hirta are commonly applied to cure a wide range of diseases, especially gastrointestinal disorders, skin problems, and respiratory system. This study focused on chemical composition of the E. hirta L. whole plant. The chemical investigation of n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of this species led to the isolation and structural determination of taraxerol (1), campesterol (2), astragalin (3), hymenoxin (4), luteolin- 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) and quercetin 3-O-α-L arabinofuranoside (6) by spectroscopic methods including 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, IR, HR-MS in combination with published literature.