For several decades, seed production and farming of marine shrimp in Vietnam has been growing rapidly, with diversification of species, systems and intensification, scales and types of organizational structure. During different phases of development, innovation in seed production and farming of marine shrimp has contributed significantly to the socioeconomic development of the country in general and the Mekong Delta in particular. This article presents major development milestones and the current status of seed production and farming of marine shrimp in Vietnam as a success story and lessons learned by the aquaculture industry.