The objective of this study was to compare soil physicochemical properties and maize yield between deposited and undeposited alluvial soils in An Phu, An  Giang. Results showed that, at layer 1-20cm, the content of organic matter, magnesium and available iron of deposited soil were highe than that of undeposited. Content of mineral nutrients was wanked from low to medium level. There is a need to discover the factors caused the gap yield in order to improve properly the soil fertility.