Seafood quality traceability systems have become of increasing concern for suppliers in both developed and developing countries. At this moment (2020), seafood produced in Vietnam often do not satisfy the expectations of Western consumers with respect to the desired quality. Moreover, production chains do not always operate efficiently and effectively, due to lack of quality traceability systems. The scientific challenge with respect to the improvement of the quality traceability of seafood supply chains implies the structural incorporation of the important elements in the process of food production, which are based on current scientific research for quality-orientated product development, namely a coordinated supply chain traceability approach to the production to deal with the complexity of optimising seafood production systems; and incorporation of extrinsic food quality parameters into the production and supply chain.