This study aimed to explore how student teachers self-evaluated their competencies and evaluated the effectiveness of teacher training in the Northwest Universities and Colleges. A total of 538 student teachers from universities and colleges of teacher education in Northwest Vietnam voluntarily participated in the survey. The questionnaire focused on the self-assessment of these student teachers’ qualities and competencies as a teacher. They were also asked to evaluate the training they received for these competencies. The results showed that most of the student teachers could identify their strengths and limitations in the role of a teacher and assessed themselves at good levels for the surveyed competencies including teacher ideology and qualities, professional skills, and soft skills. In general, the training just met their expectations, yet no particular field was evaluated at an excellent level. Based on these findings, suggestions were made to review the initial teacher education programs at the participating universities and colleges.