Aim:This article aims to analyze the current state of private drug retailers in Vietnam's lower-middle-income context, investigating the causes and consequences of inadequacies in drug retail practices. The study intends to offer effective solutions to address these issues and serve as a reference for other lower-middle-income countries facing similar challenges.

Method:Employing data gathered from documentation, legal analysis, and comparative methods, this study examines the state of drug retail by private retailers in Vietnam. By analyzing the existing practices and regulations, the study identifies the factors contributing to the inadequacies in the drug retail sector.

Implications:The research reveals substantial inadequacies in the drug retail sector in Vietnam, stemming from a lack of robust regulations, inadequate oversight, and other systemic issues. These inadequacies have significant adverse effects on consumer health and the overall economy, hindering sustainable development efforts. Addressingthe inadequacies in drug retail in lower-middle-income countries like Vietnam requires comprehensive regulatory reforms, improved oversight mechanisms, and enhanced collaboration between government agencies and private sector stakeholders.

Results and conclusion:By rectifying these issues, countries can better protect the health and well-being of their citizens while fostering an environment conducive to sustainable development. This study's findings and recommendations offer valuable insights for otherLMICs grappling with similar challenges in their drug retail systems.