Survival, growth and reproductive performances ofthree Artemia franciscana and two Iranian Artemia populations were assessed at two temperatures(26 and 30^oC). The former, cysts from San Francisco Bay(SFB),USA were used as a reference, were cultured afte 1 year (Y1) and several years in Vinh Chau salt fields(VC),Vietnam. The latter originated from Urmia Lake (URM) and from Maharloo Lake (MAH),Iran. There was significant interaction between temperature and population for survival, growth and the majority of reproductive traits. These results indicated that populations respond differently to different temperatures where the Iranian Artemia populations seem not well adapted to high temperatures compared to A. franciscana. URM is more sensitive to high temperatures than MAH. The MAH sample appears to be close to the SFB population in most characteristics. The observations at 30oC suggest that the reproductive performance of the experimental populations follows an order of VC>Y1> SFB>MAH>URM. Therefore, the VC population may be considered as the best candidate, to be selected for inoculation. Moreover, data on survival and growth of the Y1 population indicate its relatively quick adaptation to a new habitat (Vietnam).