The study aims to provide data on the fish species composition and distribution in different types of water bodies in the ecological zone of the acid sulphate soil in Hoa An commune, Phung Hiep district, Hau Giang province, Viet Nam. The study was carried out from March 2020 to February 2021. The composition of fish species was collected directly by different types of fishing gears on 4 types of waterbodies of melaleuca forest, eleocharis grassy plain, rice field and canals periodically once a month. After collecting fish samples, they were identified based on basic morphological criteria according to taxonomic documents of authors such as [1- 3], fishbase [4]. The species composition was arranged according to the taxonomy of Eschmeyer [5]. Research results had recorded 28 fish species belonging to 22 genera, 18 families and 10 orders distributed in the ecological zone of acid sulphate soils in Hoa An. The Anabantiformes had the highest number of species with 10 species (35.7%), Siluriformes with 6 species (21.4%), Cypriniformes with 4 speicies (14.3%), the remaining orders with a small number of species, only 1-2 species. The fish species composition varied between types of water bodies, eleocharis grassy plain and melaleuca forest had lower species composition than that of rice field and canals, and fish species composition in dry season were higher than in flood. A number of fish species were recorded regularly during the sampling process, mainly black fish such as Channa striata, Anabas tesudineus, Clarias microcephalus, Monoterus albus, Trichopodus tritropterus, Trichopsis vittata, Betta sp. (cf. mahachaiensis)