The objectives of the study were to investigate the botanical characteristics and determinate the natural compounds in aerial part and root extracts of Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell in CanTho province. Double staining with carmine-iodine green was used for anatomical examination, hypo-osmotic shock method was used to estimate chromosome numbers, and the phytochemical components were determined by using reagents and standards. The results showed the morphological and anatomical characteristics of L. hyssopifolia leaf, stem, and root. The chromosome number were estimated (2n = 16). Aerial part and root extracts showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, phenolics, coumarins, and terpenoids. No terpenoids was detected at both aerial part, and root extracts. At aerial part, the total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid contents were respectively 126.8±28 mg gallic acid /g dry weight of the extract, 116.2 ± 18 mg gallic acid/g dry extract, and 242.3 ± 23 mg quercetin/g dry extract. At root, the total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid contents were 45.5 ± 11 mg gallic acid/g dry extract, 54.8 ± 23 g gallic acid/g dry extract, and 58.6 ± 2.4 mg quercetin/g dry extract respectively.