This research was studied on effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and the ratios of N:P on growth and uptake of Hymenachne acutigluma on three levels of nitrogen (N) (30, 60 and 120 mg/L; N1, N2, N3) combined with three levels of phosphorus (P) (5, 10 and 20 mg/L; P1, P2, P3). Every treatment was repeated four times at controlled condition for the period of six weeks. Water was replaced and water quality was assessed once a week. Growth of H. acutigluma and uptake of N and P by the plants were monitored at the start and the end of the experiment. The results showed that N, P and N/P ratios influenced the growth and N and P uptake of tested plants. However, the shoots were less affected by interaction influence of both N and P. The growth and accumulation of N and P of the plants in N3P1 conditions was better than other conditions. The mole ratio of N:P was lower than 13.3 could limit growth of H. acutigluma and uptake of N and P of this plant species, especially in low and medium N conditions. The treatment efficiency of NH₄ ⁺ -N, NO₃ ^- -N, TN, PO₄ ³--P and TP were 85.7- 95.1%, 70.1-81.6%, 64.8-74.3%, 48.8- 80.3% and 35.9-76.9% respectively. At 120 mgN/L and 5 mgP/L conditions, H. acutigluma reduced N and P by 6.4% and 29.5%, respectively.