The Mekong Delta region has the second-largest labor force among socioeconomic regions, but the quality of the labor is still low and it is not properly trained. Improving the quality of work to meet the region's long-term development requirements is complicated by the outmigration of young, high-quality labor. In addition to the slow agricultural economic transition and the lack of employment opportunities in farming and rural areas, the changing natural and social environment poses numerous challenges to the Mekong Delta's economic development.

Recently, the government and municipalities have implemented programs to advance vocational training. However, the percentage of trained workers with certificates in the agricultural sector is still insufficient to meet the needs of agricultural economic transformation and to develop the region's potential and strengths. Along with the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and other objective conditions, it has had a significant impact on the socioeconomic development plans, guidelines, and orientations for the entire Mekong Delta. Therefore, training and development of human resources must be viewed as the foundation of the economic development process, the basis for appropriate regional economic transformation toward the objective of sustainable regional development associated with adaptation to climate change.