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Kỷ yếu hội nghị quốc tế 2014
Số tạp chí (2014) Trang: 45-62
Tạp chí: Workshop on increasing production and market access for tropical fruit in SouthEast Asia

In this review, management of phenology, flowering and fruit set of longan, rambutan and guava was discussed. Recently there have been three common longan cultivars growing in the Mekong delta, viz. ‘Tieu Da Bo’, ’Xuong Com Vang’ and ‘E-dor’ (originated from Thailand). Their characteristics of shooting, flowering and fruit development are relatively different. Growth cycle of ‘Tieu Da Bo’ cultivar occurs within 7.5-8.0 months, as the trees only need two leaf-flushes before being able to be induced for flowering. For ‘Xuong Com Vang’ cultivar, three leaf-flushes should be completed; in addition, fruit development of ‘E-dor’ prolongs within 4.0-4.5 months thus extending the growth cycle of both cultivars to almost the whole year. The most common floral induction techniques on longan is using KClO3 alone (‘E-dor’) or in combination with branch cincturing (‘Tieu Da Bo’ and ‘Xuong Com Vang’). Applied doses and time of application vary depending on cultivar and crop season. Regarding rambutan, the three cultivars grown in the Mekong Delta include ‘Rongrien’ (originated from Thailand), ‘Java’, and ‘Nhan’, in which the most popular one is ‘Java’. The growth cycle of ‘Java’ rambutan is about 9.5-10 months. The duration from fruit set to harvest is 14-16 weeks. Off-season floral induction on rambutan is implemented via drainage of irrigation channel combined with plastic mulching of the growing bed or foliar application of paclobutrazol at 400-600 ppm when leaf color of the third leaf flush is light green (50-60 days old). For guava, the most prevalent varieties grown in the Mekong Delta include ‘Xa Ly Nghe’, ‘Pink Flesh-Smooth Skin’, ‘Xa Ly Gion’, ’Pink Flesh-rough Skin’. Guava is intercropped with the other fruit trees to increase income, particularly with citrus to expel aphids (Diaphorina citri). The most important techniques of guava cultivation include pruning, canopy management, and pinching. Guava flowers from axillary buds; therefore pinching implemented after flowering is necessary for fruit development. Fruit covering with a two layers bag when fruit diameter reaches 2-3 cm helps reduce damages caused by diseases and insects

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