Background and Objective: Turmeric is an economically important spice crop in Asia. Among numerous turmeric accessions, some of them have high rhizome yield, high curcuminoids content, and well-adapted ability to diverged agro-climatic ecosystems. This study was carried out to evaluate the diversity of 34 turmeric samples based on their morphological, molecular and biochemical markers. Materials and Methods: A total 34 turmeric samples were taken (32 Vietnamese samples, one Indonesian sample, and one Australian sample). The morphological characteristics included the morphology of the trunk, leaf, flower and rhizome. The yield and curcumin content of collected Curcuma could be estimated based on morphological characteristics. The molecular markers included ten RAPD markers, ten ISSR markers and RAPD markers. Results: Thirty fours samples of local and imported turmeric were characterized based on morphological traits. The dendrogram was split into three groups (group I: Curcuma zedoaria; group II: Curcuma aeruginosa; group III: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuma longa and Curcuma amada) at a similarity coefficient of 0.68. The results illustrated that the evaluated accessions belonged to Curcuma longa L., Curcuma species. The highest curcumin content and yield of dry rhizome recorded in C.34 (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) were 12.4% and 11.6 g, respectively. Conclusion: With the high yield of curcumin and dry rhizome, C.34 variety could be cultivated for curcumin’s purpose in the future.