The study to enhance the discussion about the usefulness of benthic macroinvertebrates for water quality assessment at E canal, Vinh Thanh district, Can Tho city. The samples were collected in the rainy season  and the dry season by the Petersen grab sampler at three points on the canal. The benthic macroinvertebrates quantitative and qualitative results showed that there are 8 species belong to 4 families and 4 classes, of which Tubifex and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri are presence in both two sampling. The density and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates greatly vary between survey points and survey times mainly due to the change in the quantity of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri of Oligochaeta class and the variation in mass of species belonging to Gastropoda class. Based on species composition, the calculated values of H’, RBP (III), ASPT shows heavy polluted of water body as a result of overload agricultural activities.