The study was carried out to assess the impact of risk aversion on climate change adaptation including using new varieties, participating in crop insurance, crop diversification, and more investment in farming. It was based on the Expected Utility function to measure farmers’ risk attitudes by using the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) dataset in 2018. The database involved 1,590 households in twelve provinces of Vietnam. The results show that the majority of households in rural Vietnam were risk aversion, making up 61.76%, and the proportion of risk-averse farmers in the Mekong River Delta was 58.33%. The Probit model results show that risk-averse farmers in rural areas in Vietnam were less likely to adopt new varieties and participate in crop insurance. It is noticeable thing that if a farmer in the Mekong River Delta was risk aversion, the probability of applying new varieties would decrease by 38.33%. However, a risk-averse farmer would invest more in perennial crops by a 5.82% increase in the probability. Moreover, credit and farmland variables had a positive influence on crop insurance participation and investments in perennial crops.