Background and Objective: It is known that insulin plays important roles in hepatic cells, muscle cells and adipose tissue cells. However, only a few studies on genetic variation of insulin gene on economic traits in farm animals, especially in chickens were reported. Thus, the purpose of this study was to look at the genetic variation of insulin candidate gene associated with important economic traits in the Noi population, one of the recognized indigenous chicken breeds in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: A total of 355 indigenous Noi broilers at 5 weeks old were selected and kept in private cages until 13 weeks old. During the experimental time, traits for growth and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were recorded in each stage. At the end of the experiment, traits for the carcass, meat quality and chemical compositions of meat were collected. Additionally, two Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) at loci T3737C (INS2) and A3971G (INS3) of insulin gene were genotype by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: Genetic variations at both loci were detected where the CC genotype (0.0167) with the lowest frequency followed by the CT (0.2630) and TT (0.7200) was found at locus INS2 and the GG genotype (0.1240) with the lowest frequency followed by the AA (0.3560) and AG (0.5230) was identified at locus INS3. Moreover, the INS3 genetic association with the observed traits such as body weight as well as pH value, cooking loss, colour ones (L*, a*, b*) of meat was determined (pConclusion: INS3 locus should be considered as a potential genetic resource for selecting Vietnamese indigenous Noi broilers in the future.