In 1858, the French colonialists invaded Vietnam and quickly established their rule throughout Vietnam, including education. In the southwest of Cochinchina, where the French colonialists controlled since 1867, educational activities were established, including building a school system. The schools built by the French colonialists in the southwestern of Cochinchina were largely completed in the early twentieth century. This school system has marked fundamental changes in education in the region, from traditional Confucian education to education following the European model. Research on this school system contributes to clarifying the contributions of the colonial school system in the process of educational development in the Southwest of Cochinchina.