The present study investigated the photochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the extract from Durio zibethinus peels with blue light-emitting diode irradiation. Durio zibethinus peel extract is a reducing and stabilizing agent that forms silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticle formation was detected at a maximum wavelength of 423 nm in the UV-visible spectrum. Under the optimized synthesis conditions, silver ions were reduced to silver nanospheres with an average diameter of 13.3 nm. The produced silver nanoparticles are highly stable in 10 weeks for storage with a zeta potential of –20.4 mV and stabilized by phenolics in the presence of extract through Fourier transform infrared analysis. Nanomaterials synthesized from Durio zibethinus peel extract have a high inhibitory effect on bacteria and cancer cell lines. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of silver nanoparticles for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and MCF7 is 0.30 and 9.44 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, the visible photoluminescence emission of the biosynthesized silver nanospheres has been recorded at the wavelength range of 500-600 nm, indicating that plant extract-mediated silver nanoparticles are useful for fabricating biosensors.